diy airbrush tattoo ink | Hepatitis C triples in the Appalachian states due to intravenous drugusage as per CDC reports

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The chances of Hepatitis C has jumped thrice in the four Appalachian states in the instance of hepatitis C. This came up in the study conducted by the US Centers of Diseases Control and Prevention.

The CDC scanned the time zone between 2006 and 2012 and hepatitis C infections were on the rise in rural areas of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. This increased the rate by 364 percent and the incidence of hepatitis C was highest reported in the age group below 30.  The reason that hepatitis C was due to intravenous drug usage that was rampant. In the same time, hospital

admissions for the treatment of opioid dependency jumped from 21.1 percent in the said states. In fact going with the facts and figures, close to 44.8% of the 1,377 fresh instances were reported in the age group below 30. This led to confirmed reports that the incidence was highest in the 30 age group which sees the maximum incidence of hepatitis C.

The main reasons for this were substance use treatment that the natives of these places were subject to. The increase in heroin use in these states matched the national census that talked of first-time heroin use from 90,000 people in 2006 to close to 156,000 in 2012. The latest figures supporting the claims of the study was reported.

The rate of HIV or infection among the young target group who inject drugs in Central Apalachia is quite low as compared to the figures in the four states.  Hepatitis C is the most common infection that is blood-borne and affects close to 3 million people.

The report was published in the May 8 edition of the morbidity and mortality weekly report.

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diy guitar tattoo | CDC Women Prescription Drug Deaths Soaring

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Prescription drug abuse and misuse is killing women in record-breaking numbers, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

In a study conducted from 1999 to 2010, the CDC said that almost 48,000 American women died of prescription painkiller overdoses- 6,600 of that number- or 18 women a day- died in 2010. 

“Our concern is that daughters, sisters, wives, and mothers are dying at overdose rates never seen before,” said Gail Hayes, a senior CDC Injury Center representative. “Women do so much to take care of their families and keep them healthy- but they also need to keep themselves healthy.”

According to Hayes, part of the issue arises from the fact that women are more likely than men to be prescribed painkillers by physicians—and they are being told to take these medicines at higher doses for longer periods of time.

Hayes also told the AFRO that every doctor needs to actively screen and monitor patients for possible

prescription painkiller abuse or misuse, and that “states can help by increasing access [to] substance abuse programs.”

Conversing in detail about medications already prescribed, medical history, and pregnancy plans is a must, too.

“Physicians need to talk with their patients about the risks and the benefits of taking prescription pain killers,” she said. “especially if they have a patient that is pregnant or thinking about having children.”

Hayes added that another issue coming into play is the fact that Americans hold on to drugs they no longer need for possible later use or, even worse, for sharing with family or friends.

According to Maryland Poison Control, 74 percent of calls about overdoses and poisonings in 2011 were drug related. Of that figure, cardiovascular prescriptions accounted for 5.2 percent of poisonings or overdoses, with antidepressants making up 5.9 percent. Antipsychotics, hypnotics, and sedatives made up 10.4 percent of all the calls in Maryland for that same year. 

source: Afro.com

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diy tattoo baby powder | CDC Report on teen suicide

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Suicidal teenagers who carry out their wish to die choose to suffocate or hang themselves, according to new research released by the Atlanta-based Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Perhaps even more disturbing is that researchers don’t know why.

A March 6 report by the CDC reveals that suicide is the second-leading cause of death among young people ages 10-24 in the United States. More than 5,000 young people took their own lives in 2012. Suffocations have increased among young males, and even more so among females, at steady rates during an 18-year period ending in 2012.

The CDC refers to this as a "trend," warning parents, educators, mental health professionals and suicide hotline operators about it. The media is cautioned to be careful about its reporting, citing what’s called “suicide contagion,” or the possible influencing of vulnerable individuals.

Seventeen percent of high school students have had serious suicidal thoughts. Eight percent took action to harm or kill themselves, according to a 2013 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

There is no single cause for suicide according to the CDC. Risk factors include but are not limited to:
·         Depression
·         Family history
·         Drug/alcohol abuse
·         Illness
·         Isolation

According to the CDC fact sheet on suicide, women are more likely to express suicidal thoughts. They are believed to try to kill themselves, but don’t succeed, more often than men.

Early intervention and awareness are urged by the CDC. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is 1-800-273-8255.

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diy tattoo anchor | CDC study on Adolescene Risk Behavior

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The latest statistics on teenagers paint a rosy portrait of American teens. They’re drinking, smoking and bullying less than they used to, and fewer are getting pregnant.

“Adolescence is an inherently risky time,” says Dr. Stephanie Zaza, the director of the U.S. Centers

for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) division of adolescent and school health. “They are stretching their wings. We can’t eliminate all risk, but we are seeing overall good trends in all areas.”

Here’s a snapshot on teen behavior, based on recent reports:

• Bullying - Recent data from the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics showed bullying at school was on the decline. Bullying among kids ages 12 to 18 dropped to 22% in 2013. The rate is lower than the 28-32% that was reported in all other survey years since 2005. Even cyberbullying—the use of electronic services to harass someone—has dropped. Only 6.9% of students reported being cyberbullied in 2013 compared to 9% in 2011.
  
  The study also shows that LGBT youth which have been often targeted have found increasing acceptance and major policy changes regarding same-sex marriage in the news, social norms regarding sexuality may be changing too, and that may contribute to less fighting. 

• Smoking - Teens are smoking less, too. In the last CDC National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), which analyzes health risk behaviors among high school students, revealed that the high school smoking rate had dropped to 15.7%, the lowest recorded level since the survey started in 1991. It meant that the CDC had met its goal of lowering the adolescent smoking rate to under 16% by 2020, several years early.
  
  Changes that might have had a significant impact on smoking include widespread health initiatives and big changes in social norms around smoking. Although the that data from the CDC also stated that while fewer high schools are smoking fewer cigarettes, e-cigarette use tripled among middle and high schoolers in just one year.

• Drinking - The study also revealed that  alcohol use has dropped, its still at a high of 35%. 

• Texting While Driving - Teens who text and drive is at an all time high of 41%

• Prescription Drugs - 18% of teens who report using prescription drugs without a prescriptions

Although the study is based upon multiple studies which are weaved together they begin to aint a picture on as to which types of risk taking behaviors place youth at greater risk. Parents should take this into consideration when evaluating issues surrounding behavior.


Download the entire  Bullying CDC Report
Read the E-cigarette Press Release


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diy airbrush tattoo | Dangerous Spice Drugs Fuel Deaths Spike In Emergency Calls CDC Says

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By Elizabeth Whitman 
It often goes by the relatively innocuous street name “spice,” a nickname that belies the potency of a recreational drug that contributed to the deaths of 15 people in the first five months of 2015. That death toll was three times the number of spice-related deaths during the same period in 2014, while phone calls made to U.S. poison control centers about spice tripled over the same period as well, according to data released Thursday by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

During the first five months of 2015, poison control centers in the U.S. received 3,572 phone calls related to spice, compared to 1,085 made during the same period in 2014. April 2015 was a particularly severe month, with 1,501 phone calls received regarding spice.

Agitation, a rapid heartbeat, lethargy, vomiting and confusion were the most common side effects from using the drug, the CDC said. Data from the phone calls suggested that people over the age of 30 were significantly more likely to have a more severe reaction to spice than teenagers.

Spice belongs to a class of drugs known as synthetic cannabinoids or synthetic marijuana,

which are a combination of herbal materials that, when smoked or ingested, are supposed to mimic the high of genuine marijuana. As a result, the synthetic version is often described as “fake weed,” which drug experts consider a misnomer. It comprises a chemical compound that is sprayed onto herbs or other plant material, and it can be purchased easily and cheaply at gas station and convenience stores, packaged under a variety of nicknames, including K2 and black mamba.

The spike in spice-related emergency phone calls and deaths were a sign that the U.S. needs “enhanced efforts to remove these products from the marketplace,” the CDC said, because synthetic cannabinoids pose a growing threat to public health.

Although some of the chemical formulas for the compounds used in manufacturing spice are classified as illegal, producers of these chemicals, who are often in China, are typically one step ahead of law enforcement. Every time one chemical structure is classified as illegal, producers merely have to tweak it slightly to skirt the law. As spice comes under increasing scrutiny in the United States, lawmakers have begun considering new ways to curb the drug by focusing on sales and distribution rather than production.

Source: International Business Times

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diy face tattoo | CDC releases alert on new designer drug

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The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) today issued an alert on a peculiar cluster of designer drug overdose deaths that will appear in tomorrow’s August 30th issue of Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR).

In March and early April this year, Rhode Island public health officials noted an unusually high number of drug overdose deaths, with 21 cases in one month relative to an average of nine. Ten deaths were associated with what was originally thought to be the prescription opioid drug, fentanyl.

Read the entire story here.

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diy glitter tattoo glue | 1 in 4 Youths with Assault Injury Owns a Gun

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Urban youth who land in the emergency department (ED) from assault-related injuries often own guns and exhibit other risks for further violence, a study showed.

Almost one-quarter of 14- to 24-year-olds treated for assault injuries at one center reported having a gun in the prior 6 months, Patrick Carter, MD, of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues found.

Firearm possession was associated with higher odds of having been in a recent serious fight, of using drugs, and of having an aggressive attitude that increases the risk of retaliatory violence, the group reported in the August issue of Pediatrics.

"Future prevention efforts should focus on minimizing illegal firearm access among high-risk youth, nonviolent alternatives to retaliatory violence, and substance use prevention," the researchers concluded.

"Previous research has demonstrated the immediate post-injury time is an ideal time to capitalize on a teachable moment with preventive interventions," they added.

Routine office-based discussion about restricting access to guns whenever seeing a patient with a history of assault-related injury might be worthwhile but is unlikely to really have an impact, Robert Sege, MD, PhD, of Boston Medical Center, suggested in an accompanying editorial that called for more research and federal

action.

"The continued high incidence of firearms deaths in the U.S. is a national disgrace," he wrote. "Despite declining rates over the past decade, firearm injuries remain the second leading cause of death for young Americans, trailing only motor vehicle crashes."

The researchers surveyed 689 14- to 24-year-olds treated at the major Level 1 trauma center in Flint, Mich., for assault-related injuries as part of a larger longitudinal study.

On the computerized screening survey, 23% of the youth reported firearm possession in the prior 6 months, most obtained illegally (83%).

Among those with guns, 42% said they carried it outside the home and 22% had a highly lethal automatic or semiautomatic weapon.

Those two findings together suggest "opportunities for improved law enforcement around firearm diversion and improved policies around weapon access among high-risk youth," the researchers noted.

The most common reason given for having a gun was protection (37%), followed by "holding it for someone" (10%), and because their friends carry guns (9%).

The majority of participants with firearms were seen in the ED due to injuries sustained by their peers (67%); most of the rest had intimate partner-related violence as a cause of injury (15%).

Just 3% had threatened someone with a firearm during the incident that resulted in their injury; 3% of the gun owners also reported having been seen in the ED for mental health reasons within the prior year.

Factors significantly associated with gun possession in the multivariate analysis were:

• Male gender, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.76
• Higher socioeconomic status, with 51% higher aOR for those not receiving public assistance
• Illicit drug use, with an aOR of 1.63
• Retaliatory attitudes, with an aOR elevated by 58%
• A serious fight within the prior 6 months, with an aOR of 1.73

Race was not a significant factor, but actually trended toward lower odds among African-American youth.

African Americans account for half or more of the population in Flint, which has crime and poverty rates comparable to Detroit and Oakland, Calif.

"It is important to note that few youth were involved in a gang," Carter and colleagues wrote.

Limitations included inability to draw causal connections between attitudes and gun possession, limited generalizability based upon the single urban site and highly diverse population studied, and use of self-reported data.

Sexual assault, child abuse, and suicide ideation or attempts were excluded, which may have underestimated the true rate of firearm possession.

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diy finger tattoo | Drug Overdoses continue to Rise!

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Drug overdoses and its accompanying issues are only getting worse, according to the Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention. 

More people in America die each year from a drug overdose compared to homicides or car crashes, National Drug Control Policy Director Gil Kerlikowske said Wednesday. In 2010, there were 38,000 drug overdose-related deaths.

"These numbers are staggering, especially since we know that each and every overdose death is preventable," he said.

Kerlikowske announced new initiatives in the war against drugs, detailing the 2013 National Control Strategy, which uses scientific research. 

Addiction is a chronic disease of the brain, he explained, and can be successfully prevented and treated. 

"Were not going to arrest our way out of our drug problem," Kerlikowske added. 

The drug policy reform plan directs federal agencies to expand community-based efforts in order to prevent use before it even begins. The new steps will encourage health workers to intervene at the first signs of substance abuse and extend treatment. 

Aug. 31 marks International Overdose Awareness Day.

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