diy glitter tattoo stencils | Gangs use time in Jail as a school!

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For gang members, jail is a school, a place to learn gang history, politics and economics. But in this school, if they are disciplined, they graduate to a higher status among their peers.

In jail, young gang members also are educated in how to make weapons, what to expect if they are destined for prison and how to communicate with fellow gang members both within the same jail and in prisons around the state.

Jail is where many orders from so-called shot callers are carried out, like assaults or killings of rival gang members or members within the gang who have defected.

The Stanislaus County Jails majority gang, Norteño, is even referred to a
s the junior varsity of the Nuestra Familia, a prison gang with which it is associated.

While many members grow up in neighborhoods considered turf by gangs, it isnt until they go to jail that most choose a side — northerner or southerner — and truly become affiliated. Upon their release, the future crimes they commit are expected to be for the benefit of the gang.

Read the entire story here ....Modbee.com
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diy temporary tattoo eyeliner | El Paso County Focusing on Acquired Brain Injury

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In 2010, the Texas Juvenile Justice Department (TJJD) in collaboration with the Office of Acquired Brain Injury (OABI), piloted a program to identify youth involved in the justice system that may have presented with an undiagnosed traumatic brain injury (TBI).  The collaboration between TJJD and the OABI established objectives to identify justice-involved youth with a TBI utilizing the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire (BISQ) in an effort to provide “pathways to services” designed to reduce recidivism, foster healthier individuals and improve cognitive and emotional regulation skills.

Through the collaboration developed between the TJJD and the OABI, the El Paso County Juvenile Justice Center was able to develop a partnership with Dr. Wayne Gordon at Mount Sinai School of Medicine’s Brain Injury Research Center.  The partnership was designed to afford services to justice-involved youth identified with a TBI.  Through this collaborative effort the development of the Youth Short Term Executive Plus Program (YSTEP) was designed.

The program is based on an adult model developed by and used at Mt. Sinai’s Brain Injury Research Center which has been modified and formatted for an adolescent population through the application of cognitive behavioral strategies coupled with dialectical behavior therapy mindfulness skills.  It is designed to facilitate the development of executive functioning in adolescents as well as develop that have been identified as possibly having a traumatic brain injury through the administration of the BISQ and/or youth that have demonstrated a history of poor problem solving and/or self regulating skills.

The El Paso program focuses on providing group services utilizing the YSTEP curriculum to youth court-ordered into the Challenge Academy, which is a secure post adjudication para-military style program that offers supportive residential drug treatment services and youth court order to Intensive Supervised Probation under the Serious Habitual Offenders Comprehensive Action Program (SHOCAP).   Both populations have been identified as having a higher likelihood of exposure to activities that may enhance the likelihood of a TBI (i.e. history of abuse, assaults, substance use, etc) as well as a higher rate of recidivism based on identified risk factors and limited protective factors.

The YSTEP program is conducted in 10 -12 sessions with each session building upon the previous week’s lesson.  Sessions may range from one to two hours depending on the modalities used (i.e. role play, in vivo activities, coupled with didactic therapy) and programming structure (youth placed in a secure environment vs. community based youth).  Youth participating in the YSTEP program are taught techniques and strategies to aid in understanding how the emotional cycle impacts outcomes and behaviors; to recognize triggering events, thoughts, emotions, sensations and behaviors that contribute to a loss of emotional control as well as poor decision making and or problems solving experiences in an effort to strengthen their understanding of causal relationships.

Lessons include Identifying Triggers and Understanding Anger; Understanding and Exploring Sensations;  Relaxation Strategies and Techniques; Thoughts and Thinking Errors and How they Impact Choices and Outcomes;  Thinking and the Decision Making Process; Understanding Consequences, Outcomes & Behaviors; Types of Communication & Effective Communication Strategies  and the Emotional Cycle as well as Integrating Strategies to Effectively Cope with Difficult Situations.

Although a program evaluation through data analysis being conducted by Dr. Gordon and his team at Mt. Sinai is pending, the lack of resources to address cognitive deficits and emotional regulation issues has sparked interest in the implementation and/or replication of the YSTEP program.  In August 2014, Rebecca Derocher with the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) conducted a site visit at the El Paso County Juvenile Justice Center to review the program and protocols in place.  Interest in implementing the program has also been demonstrated by the country of New Zealand and more recently discussion have occurred with the HRSA TBI Grant Coordinator for the Alabama Department of Rehabilitative Services Ms. Augusta Cash with regards to implementing a program for justice involved youth in Alabama.

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dangerous diy tattoo trend | Building Relationships Supporting Youth A Positive Approach to Juvenile Justice

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Reprinted from the Search Institute Connect, the official blog of the Search Institute

Historically, the juvenile justice system has operated from a deficit-based mentality.

“The system would identify problems and try to fix those problems. This ends up being a very negative approach,” says Williamson County (TX) Juvenile Services (WCJS) Executive Director Scott Matthew.

This is why around 7 years ago Matthew began looking at how WCJS—which includes a detention center, residential facilities, an on-site school, and community prevention programs—could take a positive approach in their work with youth and families. “These youth are already in what is perceived to be a negative place in a negative situation, so expanding on the positives they have going for them is very powerful.”

That’s when Matthew found The Georgetown Project, a community initiative in Williamson County that has been building Developmental Assets in the lives of youth since the 1990s. Matthew met with The Georgetown Project’s Executive Director Leslie Janca to discuss how his juvenile justice department could tap into the strong network of support for positive youth development already present in the community. “Juvenile services is kind of a nontraditional out-of-school time organization and we were really excited about having them as a partner,” says Janca.

“A big thing for me was that there was already an established language,” says Matthew about the Developmental Assets. He also highlights the fact that the asset framework of youth strengths and supports has been measured and used with millions of young people around the world.  “Search Institute provides an evidence-based foundation about how kids thrive and succeed. If we build these things [assets] around them, we know we’re making an impact.”

By adopting the Developmental Assets framework, WCJS staff found that they could more easily connect with other community partners who were also using the asset framework with youth. As Matthew explained, the alignment of philosophies makes young people feel more supported when they leave the juvenile justice system to work with outside agencies, which is a huge benefit for all involved.

Assets have also helped improve staff morale at WCJS. “The change in the organization has been huge,” says Mathew. “If you come to work every day just looking for problems, it’s not pleasant. When people have the feeling that they are doing something good and identifying positive things, it’s motivating.” Matthew says the organization still identifies problems, but the staff now creates positive programs to support those issues using the asset framework.

To build on this work with the Developmental Assets, WCJS recently started incorporating the Developmental Relationships Framework into their programming. “We have found it useful to connect Developmental Assets and developmental relationships,” says Assistant Chief and Director of Mental Health Services Matt Smith. “It’s hard to know how to build relationships. It’s difficult to find time. The Developmental Relationships Framework has helped us narrow our focus and get more strategic in using all that Search has given us.”

The organization has started a dialogue about the Developmental Relationships Framework and is planning to use the framework in the future as a professional development tool. “We have a really lively, ongoing discussion in our organization and we are finding many different ways to integrate Search Institute research into training and practical tools to use with youth,” says WCJS Prevention Coordinator and Chaplain Kory Capps.

Matthew, Smith, Capps, and the WCJS staff have transformed the image of juvenile justice services in Williamson County. “We’re a resource, we provide youth services,” says Matthew. “Kids who come under our services are no different than the kids who don’t. It’s not a negative thing to be involved in juvenile services and the Developmental Assets have helped us come a long way to create that image.”

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diy glitter tattoo glue | 1 in 4 Youths with Assault Injury Owns a Gun

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Urban youth who land in the emergency department (ED) from assault-related injuries often own guns and exhibit other risks for further violence, a study showed.

Almost one-quarter of 14- to 24-year-olds treated for assault injuries at one center reported having a gun in the prior 6 months, Patrick Carter, MD, of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues found.

Firearm possession was associated with higher odds of having been in a recent serious fight, of using drugs, and of having an aggressive attitude that increases the risk of retaliatory violence, the group reported in the August issue of Pediatrics.

"Future prevention efforts should focus on minimizing illegal firearm access among high-risk youth, nonviolent alternatives to retaliatory violence, and substance use prevention," the researchers concluded.

"Previous research has demonstrated the immediate post-injury time is an ideal time to capitalize on a teachable moment with preventive interventions," they added.

Routine office-based discussion about restricting access to guns whenever seeing a patient with a history of assault-related injury might be worthwhile but is unlikely to really have an impact, Robert Sege, MD, PhD, of Boston Medical Center, suggested in an accompanying editorial that called for more research and federal

action.

"The continued high incidence of firearms deaths in the U.S. is a national disgrace," he wrote. "Despite declining rates over the past decade, firearm injuries remain the second leading cause of death for young Americans, trailing only motor vehicle crashes."

The researchers surveyed 689 14- to 24-year-olds treated at the major Level 1 trauma center in Flint, Mich., for assault-related injuries as part of a larger longitudinal study.

On the computerized screening survey, 23% of the youth reported firearm possession in the prior 6 months, most obtained illegally (83%).

Among those with guns, 42% said they carried it outside the home and 22% had a highly lethal automatic or semiautomatic weapon.

Those two findings together suggest "opportunities for improved law enforcement around firearm diversion and improved policies around weapon access among high-risk youth," the researchers noted.

The most common reason given for having a gun was protection (37%), followed by "holding it for someone" (10%), and because their friends carry guns (9%).

The majority of participants with firearms were seen in the ED due to injuries sustained by their peers (67%); most of the rest had intimate partner-related violence as a cause of injury (15%).

Just 3% had threatened someone with a firearm during the incident that resulted in their injury; 3% of the gun owners also reported having been seen in the ED for mental health reasons within the prior year.

Factors significantly associated with gun possession in the multivariate analysis were:

• Male gender, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.76
• Higher socioeconomic status, with 51% higher aOR for those not receiving public assistance
• Illicit drug use, with an aOR of 1.63
• Retaliatory attitudes, with an aOR elevated by 58%
• A serious fight within the prior 6 months, with an aOR of 1.73

Race was not a significant factor, but actually trended toward lower odds among African-American youth.

African Americans account for half or more of the population in Flint, which has crime and poverty rates comparable to Detroit and Oakland, Calif.

"It is important to note that few youth were involved in a gang," Carter and colleagues wrote.

Limitations included inability to draw causal connections between attitudes and gun possession, limited generalizability based upon the single urban site and highly diverse population studied, and use of self-reported data.

Sexual assault, child abuse, and suicide ideation or attempts were excluded, which may have underestimated the true rate of firearm possession.

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